feat: storia diete, schedule allenamento, frequenza pasti (PRD §5.1)

Tre leve aggiuntive che migliorano la personalizzazione del piano dopo
le tre del commit precedente (BF%, deficit, condizioni mediche).

1. Storia delle diete precedenti (adattamento metabolico)
   - Profile.dietHistory ∈ {NONE,SOME,EXTENSIVE,SEVERE} cifrato at-rest
   - bmrAdjustForDietHistory: 0.97 / 0.93 / 0.85 — aggiustamento BMR per
     riflettere l'adattamento metabolico osservato in studi a lungo termine
     (Fothergill 2016 Biggest Loser, Rosenbaum 2008)
   - Select in ProfileForm con copy diretto sulla "questione yo-yo"

2. Schedule allenamento (kcal extra training-day)
   - Preferences.trainingDays Int[] (0=Lun..6=Dom)
   - Preferences.trainingType ∈ {CARDIO,STRENGTH,MIXED,SPORT}
   - Preferences.sessionMinutes Int?
   - extraKcalForSession: equazione MET (Ainsworth 2011) con MET prevalenti
     8/5/6/7 a tipo. Output arrotondato a 25 kcal per evitare false-precisioni
   - Plan generation aggiunge l'extra solo nei training days
   - Chips Lun-Dom + select tipo + input durata in PreferencesForm

3. Frequenza pasti preferita
   - Preferences.mealsPerDay Int? (1..4)
   - mealShareForFrequency: 1=solo cena, 2=pranzo+cena, 3=no spuntino, 4=default
   - Quando mealsPerDay è impostato e non c'è fastingProtocol attivo,
     sostituisce la share del protocollo (il digiuno IF ha precedenza)
   - Slot a share=0 saltati alla creazione (niente colazione/spuntino "vuoti")

Schema migration 20260429220XXX_add_lifestyle_fields.

Smoke verificato via API: con mealsPerDay=3 e nessun protocollo IF, ogni
giorno del piano ha esattamente 3 pasti (Colazione+Pranzo+Cena, niente
Spuntino). 54/54 unit test verdi (11 nuovi).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

packages/db/prisma/migrations/20260429204611_add_lifestyle_fields/migration.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+-- AlterTable
+ALTER TABLE "preferences" ADD COLUMN     "meals_per_day" INTEGER,
+ADD COLUMN     "session_minutes" INTEGER,
+ADD COLUMN     "training_days" INTEGER[] DEFAULT ARRAY[]::INTEGER[],
+ADD COLUMN     "training_type" TEXT;
+
+-- AlterTable
+ALTER TABLE "profiles" ADD COLUMN     "diet_history" TEXT;

packages/db/prisma/schema.prisma

@@ -181,6 +181,12 @@ model Profile {
   // PRD §5.1 — % grasso corporeo stimata (US Navy) per BMR Katch-McArdle.
   /// @encrypted
   bodyFatPct      String?       @map("body_fat_pct")
+  // PRD §5.1 — storia delle diete restrittive precedenti, per stimare
+  // l'adattamento metabolico (Fothergill 2016, Rosenbaum 2008). Categoriale:
+  // NONE / SOME / EXTENSIVE / SEVERE. Cifrato perché può alludere a
+  // disturbi alimentari (art. 9 GDPR).
+  /// @encrypted
+  dietHistory     String?       @map("diet_history")
   currentPhase    Phase         @default(INTENSIVE) @map("current_phase")
   createdAt       DateTime      @default(now()) @map("created_at")
   updatedAt       DateTime      @updatedAt @map("updated_at")
@@ -198,6 +204,14 @@ model Preferences {
   cookingTime          CookingTime      @default(MEDIUM) @map("cooking_time")
   fastingProtocol      FastingProtocol? @map("fasting_protocol")
   notificationSettings Json             @default("{}") @map("notification_settings")
+  // PRD §5.1 — schedule allenamento. trainingDays è Mon-anchored (0=Lun..6=Dom).
+  // Per i giorni in lista, il planner alza le kcal in base a tipo+durata.
+  trainingDays         Int[]            @default([]) @map("training_days")
+  trainingType         String?          @map("training_type") // CARDIO|STRENGTH|MIXED|SPORT
+  sessionMinutes       Int?             @map("session_minutes")
+  // PRD §5.1 — pasti/giorno preferiti (1..4). Se null, fallback al default.
+  // Il fastingProtocol ha precedenza: se attivo definisce lui la struttura.
+  mealsPerDay          Int?             @map("meals_per_day")
   createdAt            DateTime         @default(now()) @map("created_at")
   updatedAt            DateTime         @updatedAt @map("updated_at")
 

packages/shared/src/index.ts

@@ -9,5 +9,7 @@ export * from './nutrition/types.js';
 export * from './planner/macros.js';
 export * from './planner/matchmaking.js';
 export * from './planner/types.js';
+export * from './preferences/training.js';
+export * from './profile/diet-history.js';
 export * from './profile/schema.js';
 export * from './tracking/schema.js';

packages/shared/src/planner/matchmaking.ts

@@ -179,3 +179,24 @@ export function protocolPlanForDay(
       return { share: DEFAULT_MEAL_SHARE, kcalMultiplier: 1 };
   }
 }
+
+// PRD §5.1 — Quote per pasto in base alla frequenza dichiarata dall'utente.
+// Usato solo in assenza di un fastingProtocol attivo (che ha precedenza).
+//
+//   1 pasto  → solo cena (OMAD light)
+//   2 pasti  → pranzo + cena
+//   3 pasti  → colazione + pranzo + cena, niente spuntino
+//   4 pasti  → default (con spuntino)
+export function mealShareForFrequency(mealsPerDay: number | null | undefined): MealShare {
+  switch (mealsPerDay) {
+    case 1:
+      return { COLAZIONE: 0, PRANZO: 0, SPUNTINO: 0, CENA: 1 };
+    case 2:
+      return { COLAZIONE: 0, PRANZO: 0.5, SPUNTINO: 0, CENA: 0.5 };
+    case 3:
+      return { COLAZIONE: 0.3, PRANZO: 0.4, SPUNTINO: 0, CENA: 0.3 };
+    case 4:
+    default:
+      return DEFAULT_MEAL_SHARE;
+  }
+}

packages/shared/src/preferences/schema.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 import { z } from 'zod';
 
+import { TRAINING_TYPES } from './training.js';
+
 // PRD §5.1 — gruppi di esclusione legati agli ingredienti.
 // Devono coincidere con i tag su `Ingredient.exclusionGroups` nel seed
 // (vedi packages/db/prisma/seed-ingredients.ts).
@@ -45,6 +47,12 @@ export const preferencesPatchSchema = z
     cuisinePreferences: z.array(z.enum(CUISINE_TAGS)).max(CUISINE_TAGS.length).optional(),
     cookingTime: z.enum(COOKING_TIMES).optional(),
     fastingProtocol: z.enum(FASTING_PROTOCOL_VALUES).nullable().optional(),
+    // Schedule allenamento (vedi preferences/training.ts).
+    trainingDays: z.array(z.coerce.number().int().min(0).max(6)).max(7).optional(),
+    trainingType: z.enum(TRAINING_TYPES).nullable().optional(),
+    sessionMinutes: z.coerce.number().int().min(10).max(240).nullable().optional(),
+    // Pasti/giorno preferiti. Il fastingProtocol ha precedenza.
+    mealsPerDay: z.coerce.number().int().min(1).max(4).nullable().optional(),
   })
   .strict();
 

packages/shared/src/preferences/training.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+
+import { extraKcalForSession, isTrainingDay } from './training.js';
+
+describe('extraKcalForSession', () => {
+  it('cardio 60min @ 80kg ≈ 640 kcal (round 25)', () => {
+    expect(extraKcalForSession({ type: 'CARDIO', durationMinutes: 60, weightKg: 80 })).toBe(650);
+  });
+
+  it('strength 60min @ 80kg ≈ 400 kcal', () => {
+    expect(extraKcalForSession({ type: 'STRENGTH', durationMinutes: 60, weightKg: 80 })).toBe(400);
+  });
+
+  it('mixed 45min @ 70kg', () => {
+    const r = extraKcalForSession({ type: 'MIXED', durationMinutes: 45, weightKg: 70 });
+    expect(r).toBeGreaterThan(250);
+    expect(r).toBeLessThan(400);
+  });
+
+  it('durata o peso non positivi → 0', () => {
+    expect(extraKcalForSession({ type: 'CARDIO', durationMinutes: 0, weightKg: 80 })).toBe(0);
+    expect(extraKcalForSession({ type: 'CARDIO', durationMinutes: 60, weightKg: 0 })).toBe(0);
+  });
+});
+
+describe('isTrainingDay', () => {
+  it('mercoledì in [0,2,4]', () => {
+    expect(isTrainingDay(2, [0, 2, 4])).toBe(true);
+    expect(isTrainingDay(1, [0, 2, 4])).toBe(false);
+  });
+});

packages/shared/src/preferences/training.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+// PRD §5.1 — Schedule allenamento. Sui giorni di allenamento il fabbisogno
+// energetico aumenta: stimiamo l'energy expenditure (EE) della sessione con
+// l'equazione MET classica (Ainsworth 2011).
+//
+//   EE_kcal = MET × peso_kg × ore
+//
+// I MET prevalenti per tipo (medie ragionevoli):
+//   - CARDIO   ≈ 8 (corsa moderata 8 km/h, ciclismo 20 km/h)
+//   - STRENGTH ≈ 5 (allenamento pesi vigoroso)
+//   - MIXED    ≈ 6 (HIIT/cross-training)
+//   - SPORT    ≈ 7 (calcio amatoriale, tennis singolo)
+
+export const TRAINING_TYPES = ['CARDIO', 'STRENGTH', 'MIXED', 'SPORT'] as const;
+export type TrainingType = (typeof TRAINING_TYPES)[number];
+
+const MET_BY_TYPE: Record<TrainingType, number> = {
+  CARDIO: 8,
+  STRENGTH: 5,
+  MIXED: 6,
+  SPORT: 7,
+};
+
+export interface TrainingSessionInput {
+  type: TrainingType;
+  durationMinutes: number;
+  weightKg: number;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Stima delle kcal extra spese in una sessione di allenamento.
+ * Output arrotondato a multipli di 25 per evitare false-precisioni.
+ */
+export function extraKcalForSession({
+  type,
+  durationMinutes,
+  weightKg,
+}: TrainingSessionInput): number {
+  if (durationMinutes <= 0 || weightKg <= 0) return 0;
+  const met = MET_BY_TYPE[type];
+  const kcal = met * weightKg * (durationMinutes / 60);
+  return Math.round(kcal / 25) * 25;
+}
+
+export function isTrainingDay(dayOfWeek: number, trainingDays: readonly number[]): boolean {
+  return trainingDays.includes(dayOfWeek);
+}

packages/shared/src/profile/diet-history.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+
+import { bmrAdjustForDietHistory } from './diet-history.js';
+
+describe('bmrAdjustForDietHistory', () => {
+  it('NONE → 1.0', () => {
+    expect(bmrAdjustForDietHistory('NONE')).toBe(1);
+  });
+  it('SOME → 0.97', () => {
+    expect(bmrAdjustForDietHistory('SOME')).toBe(0.97);
+  });
+  it('EXTENSIVE → 0.93', () => {
+    expect(bmrAdjustForDietHistory('EXTENSIVE')).toBe(0.93);
+  });
+  it('SEVERE → 0.85', () => {
+    expect(bmrAdjustForDietHistory('SEVERE')).toBe(0.85);
+  });
+  it('null/undefined → 1.0', () => {
+    expect(bmrAdjustForDietHistory(null)).toBe(1);
+    expect(bmrAdjustForDietHistory(undefined)).toBe(1);
+  });
+});

packages/shared/src/profile/diet-history.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+// PRD §5.1 — Adattamento metabolico da diete restrittive precedenti.
+//
+// Riferimenti: Fothergill 2016 (Biggest Loser, BMR ~500 kcal sotto la
+// previsione 6 anni dopo), Rosenbaum 2008. Le persone con storia di diete
+// pesanti hanno BMR misurato 5-15% sotto Mifflin/Katch — applichiamo un
+// moltiplicatore conservativo per non spingere il deficit oltre il dovuto.
+
+export const DIET_HISTORIES = ['NONE', 'SOME', 'EXTENSIVE', 'SEVERE'] as const;
+export type DietHistory = (typeof DIET_HISTORIES)[number];
+
+export function bmrAdjustForDietHistory(history: DietHistory | null | undefined): number {
+  switch (history) {
+    case 'SOME':
+      return 0.97; // 1-2 diete blande negli ultimi 3 anni
+    case 'EXTENSIVE':
+      return 0.93; // diete frequenti / yo-yo conclamato
+    case 'SEVERE':
+      return 0.85; // semi-fame prolungata, ricoveri, anoressia in remissione
+    case 'NONE':
+    case null:
+    case undefined:
+    default:
+      return 1;
+  }
+}

packages/shared/src/profile/schema.ts

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ import { z } from 'zod';
 
 import { MEDICAL_CONDITIONS } from '../medical/conditions.js';
 
+import { DIET_HISTORIES } from './diet-history.js';
+
 export const GENDERS = ['MALE', 'FEMALE', 'OTHER'] as const;
 export const ACTIVITY_LEVELS = ['SEDENTARY', 'LIGHT', 'MODERATE', 'INTENSE'] as const;
 
@@ -23,6 +25,8 @@ export const profileInputSchema = z.object({
   neckCm: z.coerce.number().min(20).max(60).optional(),
   waistCm: z.coerce.number().min(40).max(200).optional(),
   hipsCm: z.coerce.number().min(40).max(200).optional(),
+  // Storia delle diete restrittive precedenti (vedi diet-history.ts).
+  dietHistory: z.enum(DIET_HISTORIES).optional(),
 });
 
 export type ProfileInput = z.input<typeof profileInputSchema>;